pylori in a similar manner (data not shown). Based on preliminary observations it was hypothesized that phage PV22 interacted with H. jejuni cells appeared to lose their capability for chemotaxis (data not shown). Another observation was that PV22-treated C. jejuni was reduced relative to control bacteria in the region of phage application. At the same time, it was demonstrated by a spot test that the growth of C. Phage PV22 did not produce lytic cells in medium containing C. The constant of velocity of PV22 adsorption on cells was determined to be 7 × 10 -9 ml/min. vulgaris, but which attaches to the flagella of C. Herein we report the isolation and phage attachment kinetics of a bacteriophage that productively infects P. Several of the Proteus-phages were shown to attach to the flagella of these bacteria. vulgaris, as in the case of other bacteria, have been utilized for typing schemes and are structurally similar to phage from other bacteria. jejuni, but productively infected Proteus vulgaris were identified from drainage water samples in the Moscow region. Interestingly, electron micrographs of a bacteriophage that attaches to C. jejuni were isolated in the Russian Federation to address the issue of utilizing bacteriophage for bacterial control. During ongoing collaborative investigations between our laboratories, a collection of bacteriophages that attach to and/or infect C. There has been a resurgent interest in bacteriophage biology and their use or use of phage gene products as antibacterial agents. populations on chicken skin with bacteriophage has been attempted as an alternative control measure to antibiotics with varying degrees of success. Consequently, reduction of Campylobacter spp. jejuni have been reported and treatment of chickens with fluoroquinolones can induce rapid selection of ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacters. Dramatic increases in isolation of fluoroquinolone resistant C. More recently, the presence of bacteriophage among chickens has been investigated along with examining their presence among specified commercial poultry flocks relative to isolates of C. was developed and compared to other classification schemes to trace these bacteria. The high colonization incidences of poultry by campylobacters and the resultant clinical infections in humans have prompted a number of investigations focused upon identifying and subsequently eliminating Campylobacter spp. are commensal bacteria in chickens and can cause a significant proportion of food-borne disease. Second, the phage could potentially be utilized for investigating biogenesis of C. jejuni colonization of the chicken intestine. First, it may be possible to test phage PV22 as an antimicrobial agent to decrease C. There may be two interesting applications of this effect. jejuni and by a spot test that the growth of C. It was demonstrated that a bacteriophage that productively infects P. The constant of velocity for PV22 adsorption on cells was 7 × 10 -9 ml/min. jejuni and PV22 did not produce lytic plaques on medium containing C. Interestingly, PV22 did not inject DNA into C. Phage accumulated primarily on the surface of cells at sites where flagella originated. A different phenomenon was observed after incubating the mix under the same conditions, but for twenty minutes or longer. jejuni flagella after a five minute incubation of the phage and bacteria. Electron microscopic examination revealed adsorption of PV22 on C. jejuni by attachment to flagella followed by translocation of the phage to the polar region of the bacterium up to the point of DNA injection. jejuni flagellum-specific phage PV22 from Proteus vulgaris was identified in sewage drainage. Research was initiated to examine Campylobacter jejuni-specific bacteriophage in the Russian Federation to develop alternative control measures for this pathogen. There has been a recent resurgent interest in bacteriophage biology.
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